Application of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in stepped treatment of chronic persistent asthma / 第二军医大学学报

[Abstract] Objective To explore the feasibility of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) dynamic changes in guiding stepped treatment of patients with chronic persistent asthma. Methods From Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2017, chronic persistent asthma patients, who were admitted to Shanghai Dahua Hospital of Xuhui District, were enrolled and randomly divided into study and control groups. All patients were given standardized treatment according to Global Initiative for Asthma in 2014 (GINA 2014) and evaluated every 3 months to adjust their medications. The control group was adjusted according to the recommended protocol from GINA 2014, while the study group was adjusted according to the results of FeNO on the basis of the recommended protocol from GINA 2014. All patients were followed for 1 year. The complete control rate, failure rate of de-escalation treatment, Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score and lung function were compared between the two groups. Results Atotal of 207 patients were enrolled in this study, including 103 cases in the control group and 104 cases in the study group. The condition of the patients was effectively controlled in both study and control groups. There were no significant differences in total control rate, ACQ score or lung function between the two groups (all P0.05), while the failure rate of de-escalation therapy was significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group (7.28% [11/151] vs 13.66% [25/183], P0.05). In addition, the doses of controlled drugs and short-acting on-demand remission drugs in 4-6 months, 7-9 months and 10-12 months were significantly less in the study group than those in the control group (all P 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of chronic persistent asthma, the dynamic monitoring of FeNO can effectively guide the medication, decrease the failure rate of treatment, and reduce the doses of controlled drugs and short-acting on-demand remission drugs.

Development of A High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of Lipophilic Toxins in Marine Shellfishes and Edible Safety Evaluation / 分析化学

In view of the present situation that edible marine shellfishes are combinedly contaminated by different kinds of lipophilic toxins, common lipophilic shellfish toxins in marine shellfishes were simultaneously detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the safety risk of commercial marine shellfish was evaluated using the risk assessment method based on combined contamination of various toxins. Under the optimum conditions, satisfactory recoveries (63. 3％ - 88. 8％ ), precision ( relative standard deviations RSD≤14. 5％ ) and sensitivity (limit of detection in the range of 0. 5-2. 7 ng / g) of the method were achieved for all the analytes. Among the 105 commercially available shellfish samples, 42. 86％ of the samples had at least a kind of toxin. The highest average content was 47. 6 μg / kg of DTX1, which was the most serious contaminant for marine shellfishes. The total Expose Risk Index (∑ERI) was calculated based on Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) and Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) of each toxin to evaluate the safety risk of commercial marine shellfish. The results showed that the ratio of commercially available marine shellfish with safety risk was 19. 05％ and the food safety risk of scallop was the highest. In summary, a new method based on the combined contamination of lipophilic shellfish toxins was successfully developed for risk assessment of the commercial marine shellfish. The proposed method is more harsh compared with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) regulation and can make shellfish consumers better to avoid the risk of poisoning.

Identification of active components in Styela clava by HPLC-eSI-Tof/MS and the study on their HPLC specific chromatograms / 药学学报

A new method based on high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS) was developed for the rapid identification of active compounds in Styela clava and the development of its specific chromatograms. Samples were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the extraction conditions were optimized. The developed HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS method was used to identify the components in Styela clava extract, and a specific chromatogram based on HPLC analysis was established. Ten compounds in Styela clava extract have been primary identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS on-line detection combined with literature review. The result of similarity evaluation for specific chromatograms indicated that the quality of different Styela clava samples was not entirely consistent. This method has the advantages of simple operation, rapid measurement and it is a powerful tool for identification of active components in Styela clava and its quality control.

Content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae and their fingerprints / 药学学报

To develop a HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS analysis method for the determination of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae samples and for the research of their fingerprints. The samples were extracted using ASE for 10 min under 100 degrees C and 9.65 MPa, and divided into water phase and chloroform phase and analyzed them with HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS method respectively. Based on this method, the HPLC fingerprints of Radix gentianae were established. Comparing the spectrogram and mass spectrum of the chromatogram peak with the reference value, three compounds in water phase were identified as gentiopicroside, asafetida acid and loganic acid. There is no report of the compounds in chloroform phase. The content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in samples of different groups were determined, separately. The fingerprints were compared by the software of the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint. The water phase fingerprint congruence coefficients of samples from six different areas were above 0.90, however, the chloroform phase fingerprint congruence coefficients were within 0.62 -0.99. This method can be used for determination of potent component in Radix gentianae and its quality control. Radix gentianae from different producing areas have the largest diversities, and the diversities embodied in the content of chloroform phase compounds.

Preparation and characterization of Radix Salvia reference material for heavy metals under GAP control / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare and characterize the heavy metal reference material of radix salvia planted in Zhongjiang, Sichuan province under the good agricultural procedure (GAP).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>After being prepared, the reference material was digested with 65% HNO3 and H2O2 by microwave-assisted oven systems, and the heavy metals in Radix salvia reference material were accurately determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The measuring method was validated by running certificated reference materials, including bush twigs and leaves (GBW07602) and tea twigs and leaves (GBW07605) under the same conditions. The recoveries of the elements mostly ranged from 90% to 110%, and the RSD was within 5%. The measurement of radix salvia reference material was carried out by different laboratories with ICP-MS and by several time intervals in one year for the stability. The results showed that the concentration of the heavy metals provided were accurate and the reference material was stable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reference material is suitable to be the criterions of heavy metals for radix salvia in the qualities controlling, and is also suitable to be the criterion of poisonous heavy metals of other herbs in the administration of GAP.</p>